Culture Bound Syndrome

Social Bound Syndrome Yasenta Newman Immaculata University July 31, 2012 Dr. Sudol-Regan PSY 608 The term culture-bound condition was remembered for the fourth form of the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders. The term social bound condition is supposed to be intermittent with explicit examples of anomalous conduct that can be connected to a specific DSM-IV-TR indicative classification. A significant number of these examples is supposed to be viewed as diseases. The specific indications, improvement, and social reactions are affected by constrained social variables. It is likewise restricted to explicit cultures.The information about the way of life bound conditions could help address the connections between the disorder and the scatters in DSM-IV. Specialists call this the comorbidity question on the suspicion that contemplating the way of life bound disorder's designed relationship to mental findings is a more gainful methodology than endeavoring to incorporate it rashly into the DSM demonstrative classifications. Orderly exploration has distinguished solid connections between's way of life bound conditions and standards for a mental issue. However, there is once in a while a coordinated connection between a culture-bound condition and a mental disorder.The culture-bound conditions is said to exist together with a scope of mental issue and the comorbidity question carries culture-bound disorder research in with momentum approaches in the mental examination. The distinctions in the suggestive, passionate, and relevant parts of social disorder are said to flag various associations with mental analyses. The additional option of culture-bound conditions in DSM-IV gives the chance to improving the need to examine this disorder and the possibility for building up an examination to contemplate it.The developing ethnic and social decent variety of the U. S. populace presents a test to the psychological wellness field to grow really culturally diverse ways to deal with emotional wellness exploration and administrations. This expansion can allow analysts to examine the connection between culture-bound conditions and mental findings. As I would see it, an examination program dependent on key inquiries goes uneven. By understanding the way of life bound conditions inside the social setting can help dissect the connection between these disorder and the mental issue.

Australia And China Relations Free Essays

As the truism goes â€Å"No man can live alone†, so is a country. In this time of globalization, no country can fulfill the needs of the new world request without the assistance of other country. The International Community is made out of different countries, sharing thoughts and loaning hand to build up progress for a superior future. We will compose a custom exposition test on Australia And China Relations or then again any comparative theme just for you Request Now Australia which is an individual from the United Nations and other worldwide associations likewise shares its thoughts and assets to different countries while picking up its inclinations to benefit its kin. Also, constructing neighborly relations with different countries assumes a basic job in facilitating plans for the eventual fate of its constituents. Countries to get to know with doesn't really require likenesses in promotion or sort of government. It is important that an issue that intrigues the two countries will be appropriately tended to. Besides, as indicated by Alan Oxley, interests shape relationship. On account of Australia, building ties with China, which is a rising superpower, is conceivable due to certain interests that predicament them two. As per Grattan’s and Nicholson’s article, the Prime Minister needed to set up an individual relationship with Chinese Premier Wen Jiabao and President Hu Jintao. Moreover, as per Toy and Grattan, building individual ties with pioneers couldn't be hard a result of Prime Minister Kevin Rudd’s ability and knowledge on China’s custom and political culture and his experience as Australian negotiator in China. As indicated by Grattan and Nicholson, the connection among Australia and China is one of basic monetary and national intrigue. A portion of these interests that Prime Minister Kevin Rudd needs to seek after with China are facilitated commerce and respective understanding, the issue on environmental change and to urge Chinese individuals to turn out to be full accomplices in the worldwide global request and set up a drawn out organization with China. On financial issue, the Prime Minister is boosting for nothing exchange and two-sided understanding. Through these, a more extensive business opportunity will open to the two nations. As indicated by Alan Oxley, Chair of the APEC Center at Monash University, Australia is a significant provider of assets for China. Additionally, as indicated by Grattan and Nicholson, Australia is known about its coal assets which are required by China as a wellspring of vitality. Then again, facilitated commerce will open China for Australian speculators in light of its developing business sector in the benefits and superannuation industry, as expressed by Toy and Grattan in their article. The unhindered commerce understanding will likewise push to settle the Doha bargain which is a bit of leeway for Australia. A few hindrances in the business exchanges between the two nations will likewise be routed to advance a smooth progression of business. As per Grattan’s and Nicholson’s article, Dr. Malcolm Cook expressed that China, on its part, is additionally intrigued as a result of its enthusiasm for the offer to become tied up with Rio Tinto to hold down the expenses of assets from Australia. Through organized commerce understanding, the two nations will have the option to meet their inclinations. Under the facilitated commerce understanding, China should be allowed with speculation rights. Through speculation rights, as indicated by Trade Minister Simon Crean, China will be permitted to contribute up to $1 billion at once without looking for endorsement from the Foreign Investment survey Board (FIRB). Nonetheless, the proposed changes could bring up issues due to the ongoing increment in Chinese value speculations and takeovers, particularly in the assets segment, when Beijing has amassed $US1. 7 trillion in remote trade saves (refered to from Rudd tangle give venture rights). In actuality, Prime Minister Kevin Rudd’s moves have brought up issues from among onlookers like previous Trade Adviser to the Chinese government, John McDonnell. John McDonnell said â€Å"The Prime Minister needs to explain the idea of his associations with the Chinese Government and how they are probably going to influence Australian interests and approaches. † Moreover, John McDonnell has raised two things that the administration and Prime Minister will do to drive-away doubts in the relationship of Australia and China. The first is the need to scatter the possibility that the Prime Ministers or his priests have off camera associations with Chinese interests. This is brought by the lack of definition of government’s relationship with Australia-Beijing Technology. As per Mc Donnell, the nature of the business isn't explained to general society. The second is the need to explain the degree of the administration and the Prime Minister’s ability to manage a basically degenerate, and effortlessness and-favor Chinese system. As indicated by McDonnell; â€Å"China stays a nation without a key legitimate structure. Its constitution adds up to a lot of orders from the focal government to the different organs and organizations concerning how arrangement will be led. There are no assurances of the sort epitomized in the US constitution. It looks more like a lot of bureau than a fundamental law. ’ Moreover, Rowan Callick declared in John McDonnell’s article, that party frameworks who have been prepared abroad and who have assumed control over state-claimed undertakings. There is question that Australia, a law based government, probably won't work out in a good way in business with a country where Communism kind of government is followed. State-possession may in any case be the center target of China in spite of it’s support in global issues. What's more, John McDonnell expressed that Government will clarify that in the event that it doesn't get what it accepts is a sensible result from the FTA dealings, at that point it will depend on the multilateral framework to execute its strategy targets. This clarifies John McDonnell questions that Australia will profit by the unhindered commerce understanding. Quickly, Prime Minister censured the human right strategy over Tibetans of China in his discourse conveyed in mandarin in Peking University. Some have given praise while others caused a stir. As indicated by Stuart Harris, previous leader of the Department of Foreign Affairs, Prime Minister Kevin Rudd’s discourse was smart while a few says that it breezed through the assessment with extensive thoughtfulness and expertise. In any case, numerous additionally scrutinized his strong move by condemning and simultaneously fabricating unhindered commerce with China. As indicated by Dr. Malcolm Cook, Prime Minister Kevin Rudd could best impact China if the analysis was done away from plain view. In the article of Toy and Grattan, China stated that Tibetans are offered with superb human rights security and the issue on Tibet is simply an inward issue that doesn't invite any impedance structure outside nations. In safeguard, Prime Minister Kevin Rudd focused on that his discourse is a counsel from a genuine companion. The Prime Minister said that a genuine companion can be an accomplice who sees past quick advantage to a more extensive and firm reason for proceeding, significant and earnest fellowship. This issue raised the questions and doubt on the international strategy of Prime Minister by entering a well disposed connection and simultaneously censuring the nations’ approach. In any case, the analysis didn't debilitate the arrangement of the two nations of turning into a drawn out accomplice. Besides, the exceptionally fundamental factor that ties the two nations in going into an amicable connection is the issue on environmental change. It tends to be noticed that Australia is assuming a significant job in tending to the issue on Global Warming. As per Grattan’s and Nicholson’s article, Prime Minister Kevin Rudd needed to convince the Chinese to have a greater impact on environmental change. This would give China a pivotal job in the coming universal exchanges for another concession to environmental change. As per Climate Change Minister Penny Wong, Australia and China have a typical enthusiasm for discovering lower carbon answer for coal which means building up a carbon catch and capacity system. Also, the two chiefs submitted o wok all the more intently on environmental change, especially in the zone of the advancement of low emanation innovation (refered to from Rudd again raises Tibet issue with China). Strikingly, Australia has a huge coal trade in China for the latter’s vitality needs and coal is one among the components that causes nursery impacts causing environmental change. In finding an answer for environmental change, China assumes a significant job. As concurred, Australia has resolved to support $20 million in discovering answers for environmental change. The subsidizing will cover the inquires about in setting up a perfect coal innovation and cooperation on carbon sequestration. This will bring down carbon emanations and simultaneously address the vitality needs of the world. Altogether, Australia and China will build up the world’s biggest sun powered city through Australia’s subsidizing. The two nations will likewise screen the strength of the Yellow, Pearl and Da Ling streams in China. These are the plans of Prime Minister Kevin Rudd that he is proposing to China (refered to from Australia to help China’s sun powered city plan). As indicated by Prime Minister Kevin Rudd, Australia have made some amazing progress and can go further. Building amicable connection with China won't just advantage the two nations on economy since financial specialists from the two nations will have business opportunity. The most basic impact of the connection would be the objective of the two nations on issue on environmental change. At present, all countries of the world know about the environmental change yet have no noteworthy moves have been made at this point to manage the issue. Be that as it may, through the association of Australia and China, the worldwide issue will be given arrangement which will successfully profit Australians and Chinese as well as all individuals of the world.

Essay Samples - How to Choose Them

Essay Samples - How to Choose ThemEssay samples have to be carefully selected and this is because they are the first product that you will use for an essay. These are the initial steps that you need to take in order to be successful in writing. The process of taking essay samples is easier than what you think. You just need to follow the guidelines that you will get when you start looking for essays samples.The main tools that you will be using in your process of choosing essay samples include the guidelines and the criteria that you will be using. The most important guideline is that you need to find one that is free from any plagiarism. Plagiarism will cause your assignment to be suspended until the accusation has been solved.You should do a simple search to know if a sample you are interested in has any plagiarism. There are many sites that are offering free samples that you can choose from. If a sample is available, but it has plagiarized content then the site will not be worth y our time.The best way to do research on essays samples is to go online. If you want to find out what type of sample will suit your needs, you can visit sites that offer recommendations for you. You will be able to find a list of sites that offer these products.The benefit of doing research online is that you will be able to see all the information that you need before you buy the product. You can see which sites provide the best quality products. You can even check if the sample they are offering is available at other sites and if there are other sites that offer the same sample.When you look at the samples that are available, you need to see what is written. The sample should be clear and detailed. It should also be complete and accurate.Once you have made the decision to buy a product, you need to find out if the site that you are purchasing from has the option of refund. Most people would prefer to receive their money back rather than spending it on something that was a waste of money. They would prefer to return the product as soon as possible.The quality of essay samples is important. These are the very first products that you will be using in order to prepare for the essay. The process of choosing essay samples is an easy one.

Essay Comparing Two Poems - 1123 Words

H/W Monday, 27 September 2010 Compare the similarities and differences between two Ballads, Charlotte Dymond and John Lomas. Charlotte Dymond and John Lomas, are two poems which share several techniques. They also, however are different in many ways. This essay will explore their similarities and their differences and explain reasons why the two ballads are different or similar. For example, both poems have a theme of murder. Ballads normally have a sad or shocking story, so this is very common. In both poems the murderer is always hanged after murdering another person. In Charlotte Dymond, the murderer is her lover. In John Lomas, the murderer is John Lomas. The murder controls the ballads and there is no point in the ballads†¦show more content†¦A difference between the two poems is that Charlotte Dymond uses metaphors for example; her cheeks were made of honey and; her throat was made of flame. Whereas in John Lomas there are no metaphors in the whole ballad. This may be because the ballad only has fourteen stanzas and the poet could not fit any metaphors in or it could be because, he chose not to put any metaphors in the poem. A metaphor is when you say something is something for example ‘my dog is a great big ball of fluff’ in this I am saying that my dog is actually a great ball of fluff not as or like when you use a simile but he is a ‘great big ball of fluff’ this is very direct and as though the writer is actually talking to you as a reader if the writer is talking in third person like in Charlotte Dymond so the writer may not want to write something so direct. Whereas in John Lomas the writer is talking about when he killed the victim and so he might want to be direct when he is talking to the reader. Another difference between the two poems is that in Charlotte Dymond the poet writes in third person as in talking about something happening in this case the murder of Charlotte Dymond. This means that the murder could be changed to fit the criteria of what the murderers friend or the victims friend. This means that the poem could have been changed to fit what the writer wanted for example the writer might be the murderer’s friend, so he might wantShow MoreRelated Comparing Two Poems about Prejudice Essay579 Words   |  3 PagesComparing Two Poems about Prejudice The poems Telephone Conversation, by Wole Soyinka and You Will Be Hearing From Us Shortly, by U A Fanthorpe are both about prejudice. The former poem is to do with racial prejudice and the latter is to do with social prejudice. The two poems are different in many ways. The first poem is an application for accommodation and the second poem is a job interview. 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A good comparative essay is like a multi-layered sandwich: †¢ BREAD - A new point. †¢ FILLING A - How one of your chosen poems illustrates this point. †¢ FILLING B - How your other chosen poem illustrates this point. †¢ BREAD - Your conclusion about this point. This is what the examinersRead More The Lamb vs. The Tyger By William Blake Essay1081 Words   |  5 PagesIn this essay I am going to be looking at two poems from the Songs of innocence and experience works. These poems are The Lamb and The Tyger written by William Blake. Both these poems have many underlying meanings and are cryptic in ways and both poems are very different to each other. In this essay I will be analysing the two poems, showing my opinions of the underlying themes and backing them up with quotes from the poems. 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Marriage Is A Sacred Action, And The Bondage Between...

Marriage is a sacred action, and the bondage between individuals is powerful. Marriage is one of the greatest moments in ones’ lifetime. Throughout different cultures marriage has a different meaning. In some groups, marriage and your spouse is not your decision and in others you can have multiple spouses. There are several different forms of marriage and different cultures practice those marriages in different ways. Marriage brings about happiness but in some cases it can bring grief and discipline. Marriage is a bond between individuals and no matter the circumstances, whether it’s for power or love, any form of marriage should be recognized. The definition of endogamy is a â€Å"marriage within a particular group or category of individuals† (Cultural Anthropology, 204). Cultures who practice this type of marriage require that the marriage be within his or her social group, or ethnicity. For instance, certain areas of India, especially the Hindu community, prac tice endogamy. Marriages outside of their social group are forbidden and extreme consequences, from disowning to death, will be given. â€Å"[Endogamy] is a common practice among displanted cultures attempting to make roots in new countries as it encourages group solidarity and ensures greater control over group resources. It helps minorities to survive over a long time in societies with other practices and beliefs† (New World Encyclopedia). Endogamy marriages helps to bond the cultures to become stronger by not allowingShow MoreRelatedThe Effects Of Pornography On The Individual And Society1639 Words   |  7 PagesThe Naturalist believes that individuals who are unable to control their sexual urges commit most sexual crimes. Pornography is beneficial to the individual and the society. It promotes sex education and reduces sexual crimes. The naturalist believe the Jehovanist are fact dominating. 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Religious belief systems have been a powerful force for good and bad...good in the sense that it provided a measure of individual behavior and order in society for the wellbeing of the whole, but bad in the sense that men of ambition who craved power and control over others would often use religion as a tool of manipulation and fear. A casual glance of history tells us thatRead MoreFinal Study Guide for Livanis Intl 1101 Essay3736 Words   |  15 Pagesmigration - The case of Islam: - Muslim Ummah - Re-islamisation as deculturalisation of Islam (not linked to a particular pristine culture, global Islam) - Quest for definition: Islam to fit every culture - By bridging the gap between secularism and religiosity, Fundamentalism overstretches religion to the point that it cannot become embedded in real culture Free trade and the environment Technological Change and Disease - Transportation - Short term travel: 940 million

My Leadership Initiative Develop A New, Simpler And...

Part A The focus of my leadership initiative is to develop a new, simpler and leaner approach (Fillingham, 2008) to the assessment process, ensuring safe and reliable delivery of right care, in the right place and at the right time, to the patients. Recently we implemented monthly practice governance meetings in our team to regularly reflect on areas of improvement and discuss changes that would improve patient care. I have been using the practice governance meetings to present results from our recent audit demonstrating increased treatment-waiting times, share real stories highlighting the gap between the current and desired state of the service and encourage engagement of frontline staff in delivering this initiative. Staff was given opportunity to perform a Cause and Effect Analysis (figure1) and map patient journey (figure2) to identify activities that add value (Bennington, 2011) and reduce waste. I was hoping to use these meetings to frame and embed a strategy of implementing t he improvement initiative and whilst I have been successful in developing a framework of the new leaner assessment process, the process has suffered from poor staff engagement and conflicts with trusts’ agenda of standardising the delivery of care. During these practice governance meetings, the team was unable to come up with any suggestions to improve the assessment process and other agendas related to the new community service review policies were given greater priority. 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Company initiatives to build competencies and capabilities that rivals do not have and cannot readily match can relate to greater product innovation capabilities than rivals, better mastery of a complex technological process, expertise in defect-free manufacturingRead MoreManagement Course: Mba−10 General Management215330 Words   |  862 PagesBusiness Review Finance Articles The Power of Management Capital Feigenbaum−Feigenbaum International Management, Sixth Edition Hodgetts−Luthans−Doh Contemporary Management, Fourth Edition Jones−George Driving Shareholder Value Morin−Jarrell Leadership, Fifth Edition Hughes−Ginnett−Curphy The Art of M A: Merger/Acquisitions/Buyout Guide, Third Edition Reed−Lajoux and others . . . This book was printed on recycled paper. Management http://www.mhhe.com/primis/online/ Copyright  ©2005Read MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 Pagesorder to succeed. Visit www.mymanagementlab.com to learn more. DEVELOPING MANAGEMENT SKILLS EIGHTH EDITION David A. Whetten BRIGHAM YOUNG UNIVERSITY Kim S. Cameron UNIVERSITY OF MICHIGAN Prentice Hall Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Editor in Chief: Eric SvendsenRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesOrganizational Behavior This page intentionally left blank Organizational Behavior EDITION 15 Stephen P. Robbins —San Diego State University Timothy A. Judge —University of Notre Dame i3iEi35Bj! Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services:Read MoreExploring Corporate Strategy - Case164366 Words   |  658 PagesCompetitive strategy Strategic options: directions Corporate-level strategy International strategy Innovation and Entrepreneurship Strategic options: methods Strategy evaluation Strategic management process Organising Resourcing Managing change Strategic leadership Strategy in practice Public sector/not-for-proï ¬ t management Small business strategy ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€"  ââ€" Read MoreStrategic Marketing Management337596 Words   |  1351 PagesProfessor of Business Administration The Business School Loughborough University and Colin Gilligan Professor of Marketing Sheffield Hallam University and Visiting Professor, Northumbria University AMSTERDAM †¢ BOSTON †¢ HEIDELBERG †¢ LONDON †¢ NEW YORK †¢ OXFORD PARIS †¢ SAN DIEGO †¢ SAN FRANCISCO †¢ SINGAPORE †¢ SYDNEY †¢ TOKYO Elsevier Butterworth-Heinemann Linacre House, Jordan Hill, Oxford OX2 8DP 200 Wheeler Road, Burlington, MA 01803 First published 1992 Second edition 1997 Reprinted 1998Read MoreStrategic Human Resource Management View.Pdf Uploaded Successfully133347 Words   |  534 PagesVIEW Strategic Human Resource Management Taken from: Strategic Human Resource Management, Second Edition by Charles R. Greer Copyright  © 2001, 1995 by Prentice-Hall, Inc. A Pearson Education Company Upper Saddle River, New Jersey 07458 Compilation Copyright  © 2003 by Pearson Custom Publishing All rights reserved. This copyright covers material written expressly for this volume by the editor/s as well as the compilation itself. It does not cover the individual selections herein thatRead MoreProject Mgmt296381 Words   |  1186 Pages6.5.2.3 Critical chain method Chapter 9 Chapter 10 Reducing Project Duration Leadership Chapter 2 Organization Strategy and Project Selection 1.4 Projects and programs (.2) 1.4.1 Managing the portfolio 1.4.3 Strategy and projects 2.3 Stakeholders and review boards 12.1 RFP’s and vendor selection (.3.4.5) 11.2.2.6 SWAT analysis 6.5.2.7 Schedule compression 9.4.2.5 Leadership skills G.1 Project leadership 10.1 Stakeholder management Chapter 11 Teams Chapter 3 Organization: Structure

Legalization of Marijuana Argumentative Essay Example For Students

Legalization of Marijuana Argumentative Essay Marijuana also known as cannabis sativa has been falsely criticized since the beginning of the century. The fact is that the legalization of marijuana can have positive effects. Marijuana has been proven to be less likely to create crime, it can be used as a medicine, and isnt any more harmful than most other legal substances on the market. Its hard to understand why it is illegal. Legalizing marijuana would reduce the numbers in our prisons, help the countrys Ill citizens, and make money for the government by taxing the plant. There is no feasible way to completely abolish drug use in the United States. As with Prohibition of Alcohol in the earlier part of this century, the fight against drugs has backfired. The United States is spending billions of dollars a year to fight a war, which over the last 60 years, has shown that it cannot be won. So lets use a little reverse psychology on the subject. What would happen if marijuana or other illegal drugs were legalized (Rosenthal, 133)? First, the billions of dollars that the government is spending trying to abolish illegal drugs would be put to better use and the government would be able to tax the new drugs just as they do alcohol and tobacco. These monies could then be spent to provide better education on the affects of drugs and drug abuse, better healthcare, and research on medical uses of drugs such as marijuana. Also, the government would be able to regulate the quality of products on the market, resulting in fewer deaths caused by overdosing and by junk drugs (Grinspoon, Lester, 167). Second, with government regulation, including sale and distribution, the big drug dealers would no longer be in control. The drugs would be made affordable or free to those who are addicted, thus decreasing crimes such as petty theft. The streets would be much safer to walk on, because the crack dealer on the corner would no longer be pushing drugs to young children. Since the drug dealers would no longer have areas of distribution (turf), there would be a decline in gang war crimes such as murder and accidental shootings(Matthews, Patrick, 205). Third, if legalized, hemp and marijuana crops could take the place of part, or all, of the small farmers regular crops. They are both good rotational crops that need little tending, and it has been shown that they replace nutrients back into the soil that are lost in the growth of normal crops such as wheat and corn. This would bring in additional revenue to the farmers, keeping them in business, and provide even more tax revenue to the government (Rosenthal, Ed, 97). Also, a new retail market would emerge since hemp can be manufactured into clothing, paper products, oils, and fuels, and marijuana has medicinal purposes. It is often prescribed to AIDS, cancer and glaucoma patients. If the plant were legal, people wouldnt have to sneak behind the governments back just to smoke it. If it relieves their pain, why cant people take advantage of it? How can the government hold this plant back based on false research and propaganda? ? Legalizing this plant would free this medicine. That eff ect can greatly help society. Glaucoma patients rely heavily on marijuana as it eases their pain and helps blood flow to the eyes. Marijuana is one of the better medicines recommended to Glaucoma patients. If it has been proven to be effective, why isnt it fully available to the people?As Adam Smith said, the market is regulated by an invisible hand this statement is as true with an illegal market product as with a legal market product (Rosenthal, Ed, 138). As was seen with the Prohibition, just because it was illegal to drink doesnt mean that it didnt happen. The black market for alcohol in the 1920s was just as big as the black market for drugs is now. Theres a saying We always want what we cant have; when something is prohibited more people flock to it because it is taboo (Zimmer, Lynn, 34). Once the Prohibition was over alcohol consumption was down and crime went down. If all it took was the legalization of alcohol, then why wouldnt the legalization of drugs do the same thing? A s outlined above if drugs are legalized and regulated by the government there are more benefits than pitfalls. Marijuana has been proven to be less likely to create crime, in some cases can be used as a medicine, and its legalization can be used to tax the people. The effects of its legalization would help society. No more sneaking behind the governments back to smoke this plant. No more locking up innocent, good, hard-working people. Everyone should be able to live in peace. Peace too many would be decriminalizing this plant. Hopefully well all see the day when marijuana is legalized.

Exams should not be abolished! free essay sample

Think about it deeply, and the logical thought would be â€Å"Exams shouldn’t be abolished!†Exams are the one and only way to test a student’s ability of how much they understand of a topic. How else can we test a student other than exams? Some may say we can use project work, but there might be an unfair distribution of workload. Exams focus on an individual, clearly showing what they do not understand. We will write a custom essay sample on Exams should not be abolished! or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page If exams were abolished, who would have wanted to study? Maybe soThink about it deeply, and the logical thought would be â€Å"Exams shouldn’t be abolished!†Exams are the one and only way to test a student’s ability of how much they understand of a topic. How else can we test a student other than exams? Some may say we can use project work, but there might be an unfair distribution of workload. Exams focus on an individual, clearly showing what they do not understand.If exams were abolished, who would have wanted to study? Maybe some people would but the force pushing them, motivating them to study will not be there anymore! If it was for the sake of getting a better job, you don’t even need to work very hard since most of the people would be too lazy to study and you could easily have a performance above average. If there were no exams, what is the use of having lessons? Many would have not bothered to remember what was taught in those lessons. Exams can force students to improve their memory and remember what they learn and apply in real life situations.On a larger scale, exams can help to allow comparison between schools. Without exams, no one would have known where an individual or a school stands in the whole nation or wo rld. It sets a certain standard for students. Hence, exams should not be abolished, for the better of our students.me people would but the force pushing them, motivating them to study will not be there anymore! If it was for the sake of getting a better job, you don’t even need to work very hard since most of the people would be too lazy to study and you could easily have a performance above average. If there were no exams, what is the use of having lessons? Many would have not bothered to remember what was taught in those lessons. Exams can force students to improve their memory and remember what they learn and apply in real life situations.On a larger scale, exams can help to allow comparison between schools. Without exams, no one would have known where an individual or a school stands in the whole nation or world. It sets a certain standard for students. Hence, exams should not be abolished, for the better of our students.

First Person Narration in Jean Rhys essays

First Person Narration in Jean Rhys essays First Person Narration in Jean Rhys Good Morning, Midnight The dominant figure in Good Morning Midnight is Sasha Jasnen and all action is filtered through her perception. Her voice is the only one heard while the other characters seem to serve just as bit players filling out the scenes of her lifes routines (Nebeker 85). Concentrating on Sashas consciousness, Jean Rhys in fact encourages the readers not to focus on the plot itself but rather in the way Sasha conceives what happens both around and inside her. The authors goal is not to simply narrate a story but to show the rendered perceptions of an isolated and marginalized woman who wages her own battles (Emery 157). In order to achieve that, Rhys opts to use first person narration. This technique turns out to be very effective not only because it reveals the heroines first person awareness of herself and the world she inhibits (Nebeker 86), but also as it helps us understand the behavior of a character as complex as Sasha is. Indeed, comprehending the heroines behavior is not easy as Sasha is an extraordinary character and to a certain extent emotionally unbalanced. What makes it even more difficult to explain her conduct is the fact that there is great discrepancy between her thoughts and her final actions. This is amply demonstrated when she turns the gigolo away although she wants him to stay and make love to her: He has moved so quickly that I havent had time to put my arms around him, or to say Stay, to say Dont do this, dont leave me like this, dont (153-4). To make matters worse, Sasha not only fails to express her real feelings but often lies about them: Yes, I am sad, sad as a circus lioness [...] Then I say: But I am not sad. Why should you think Im sad? (39). To join Sasha in her spirit...

Identification of the Probable Causes of ER Conflict Term Paper

Identification of the Probable Causes of ER Conflict - Term Paper Example Since the company has been operating for 15 years, it means the company has grown wide in the 15 years span. Much growth comes from opportunities to discover creative solutions to conflicts in organizations (Hannaway, 2003). Conflicts in organizations could come up for different reasons. However, conflict provides additional ways of thinking about their sources and opens up the possibility of improving a relationship. Some of the main causes of conflict in the organization include organizational change. In most organizations, there is tension between opposing forces for stability or to maintain the status quo and change. If the management of the organization wants to shift, more health care costs onto workers tension may arise. If the organization has to attain much stability, it may lose its competitive position in the market (Farnhan, 2002). With too much change, the mission blurs and the employees develop anxiety, which in turn causes employee relations conflict. The conflict coul d also be caused by ineffective communication. It is a significant cause of conflict, especially personal conflict. It occurs if messages do not pass through the required message filters. It is often evident in a work setting where different people work closely together. It is always a challenge to achieve an effective two-way communication; thus, always triggering conflict. Values and culture clashes are also a vital source of conflict that is evident in many organizations. These conflicts arise from the presence of different value priorities amongst the employees (Hannaway, 2003). Today’s diverse workforce reflects a kaleidoscope of cultures each with its own unique qualities. The individual’s bearers of these different cultural traditions could easily come into conflict with one another. Generational influences are the most powerful forces that shape values in the modern workforce.  

Pepsi Co Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Pepsi Co - Essay Example The sales of the company have reached $30.4 billion according to estimates made in 2010. The intense competition in the market has led the company to take effective and strong measures to improve their financial standing as well as market reputation throughout the world. This is the reason that Pepsi initiates several promotion programs throughout the world every year. They have also reached the whole world to increase their market capacity so that they win the ‘sale-race’ against their mainstream competitor Coca-Cola. The marketing promotions and programs have led the Pepsi Cola Inc to become one of the top competitors of Coca-Cola. Their competitor has although a large market share, but still Pepsi is keep emerging into the market as the mainstream beverages company. The total net revenue of the company in the end of 2010 was $57,838 million, which were quite lesser than the revenue generated by Coca-Cola Inc in the end of 2010. According to the current balance sheet prepared by the company officials in 2011, Pepsi has current assets of $17,834,000 thousands, which is also quite lesser than that of Coca-Cola but the different of assets has decreased compared to the data recorded 5 years ago, and that shows the company growing its business and excelling its competitors. Whereas, the total assets owned by the company are more, i.e. $75,378,000 thousands. The total liability of the company is $51,801,000, whereas total equity of the company is $23,577,000. And the total liabilities and equities of the company is $75,378,000 thousands. Compared to the soft drink sales in 2010 of Coca-Cola’s 1590 million cases, Pepsi was only able to sale 892 million cases, which means that Coca-Cola was able to make more than around 40% of more profit than that of Pepsi. The company’s gross profit margin in 2011 records was 57%. Their current ratio is 1, and cash per share is %1.97. Their cash flow per share is

Sampling and Data Collection Essay Example for Free

Sampling and Data Collection Essay For Jose Cuervo to stay ahead of the game, qualitative and quantitative data must be collected to develop the new tequila line and stay ahead of the competition. Collecting quantitative data on the tequila is relatively easy, whereas collecting qualitative data, on the other hand taking a significantly larger and more meticulous effort. To collect such data a survey was conducted to determine whether or not Jose Cuervo should introduce a new tequila line specializing in the women market. A convenience method was used because the sample was made up of one hundred women who were easy to reach at various locations. A series of four questions regarding the likes and dislikes of tequila was made. From the data collected Jose has decided to analyze the data as follows. If, 65% of the individuals gave positive feedback then Jose Cuervo would accept and launch the new tequila line Reina de la Noche. According to the data the one of the highest scoring questions showed that 85% of the population surveyed likes to drink tequila. Furthermore, 95% of these individuals have confidence that they would drink tequila if it were fruity in flavor. It is also very important for Jose Cuervo when introducing a new product that the value and consumption of the current high quality tequila does not weaken. Jose Cuervo believes the high scores in these categories reinforces and confirms the hypothesis. However, there are a number of challenges as it relates to the validity and reliability of the research question, the data collected, and analysis. Challenges to validity and reliability The results from the survey help confirm the validity and reliability of the product. Because, each experiment will not generate the same results unless we have the same size population and sample size. The first survey question asked to the women was do they like tequila? 85 women said that they liked tequila, whereas the other 15 women that took the survey did not. The second question was as a woman would you drink tequila if it were more focused to what appeals to women? 95 women said that they would drink tequila if it were more appealing to drink than the original tequila, whereas 5 said they still would not drink tequila. The third question was what is your age? This question was divided into four categories: 21-25, 25-35, 35-45 and 45 plus. Out of the one hundred women that took the survey 45 were between the ages of 21-25. 30 women were between the ages of 25-35. 15 women were between the ages of 35-45 and ten women were age 45 and over. The challenges to gain the validity throughout the entire research were less. The research question has to be reworded to gain the specific answers the research need from the sample. This also did affect that data from which the sample may be miss lead or confuse by the miss wording. Jose Cuervo has to found the error without rewording parts of the research question. The fourth question was would women like this drink and how do they like the new low calorie tequila consume each week? This question was divided into three categories: zero-three, three-six and more than six. Out of one hundred women, 35 women drink zero-three drinks per week. 55 women drink three-six drinks per week and ten women drink more than six drinks per week. Steps to minimize challenges The first step would be to take a group of individuals to test the new liquor out. They will participate in the questionnaire with their given responses on the Jose Cuervo. The feedback will be what we need to get results from the gathered data according to what the individuals used to sample recorded. This will give us some accurate figures as to whether our line of Jose Cuervo will succeed or fail in the industry with the selected targeted individuals that we have chosen. We will then find another group of individuals to use for the test and give them the same information to receive their given responses. Their feedback will be compared to the Group A responses. This will give us even more accurate results that we can use to complete our intended targeted information. This is called the test and retest measure for accuracy to find out if what we are doing is the right thing. The results or findings are reinforced to ensure that the hypothesis will be accepted. Without this replication of results, the experiment and research will have not fulfilled the requirements to make this a testable event (Shuttleworth). Order of Power Once the surveys were collected, each category was assigned a numeric value. By sorting the data using numeric values, the responses could then be evaluated using a nominal scale. Furthermore, by using this method the data was able to be analyzed statistically and allowed for the sample to be projected to a broader population. Conclusion In conclusion, the information research and analysis is used so that Jose Cuervo can be assured that the investment of launching a new tequila line will be successful. Furthermore, this information will help with the marketing and product analysis for this new low calorie tequila beverage. Since, the results concluded that 85% of the women that took the survey liked tequila and 95% agreed that they would try tequila if the flavor changed, Jose Cuervo feels confident that the new tequila line Reina de la Noche would be successful. Reference Cooper, D.R. Schindler, P.S. (2011). Business research methods (11th ed.). New York, NY: McGraw-Hill/Irwin. Shuttleworth, M. Validity and Reliability. Retrieved from www.explorable.com

Communicating Through Your Computer :: Technology Internet Chatting Papers

Communicating Through Your Computer I have heard the dangers of meeting people through the new technology of cyberspace. Through the media I have heard events in which females are missing, stalked, or raped for giving away their personal information to strangers through computers. I can recall a situation when I heard about a young teen girl agreeing to meet a male whom she thought was about her age. She agreed to meet him secretly, thinking that she was going to meet her love of her life. She took the bus and headed out east to meet this "prince". To the girl her life did not end like most fairy tales. The "prince" turned out to be the "big bad wolf"- a 42-year old just released from prison for rape and murder. The situation for the girl could have ended in a sad, tragic outcome but was saved by her best friend. The girl's friend informed the police and parents about the missing girl whereabouts. People view that chat rooms are filled with people lurking around hunting down naà ¯ve females for their targets. The stalking does not only occur to females but as well for the males. Now we do not all have pervert people in these chat rooms. Society should also see the positive point of view of what chat rooms do to individuals. The Internet has become a networking tool that has helped the society. One can look up topics, write letters, look up and plan events, shop from your favorite stores, and read or hear the news from your community or worldwide. Within minutes (or even less) one can establish contact with like-minded individuals and discuss interesting (and non-interesting) topics. One can participate in the synchronous communication or as we recognize it as chat rooms. We can communicate with unknown individuals, which can gradually lead into friendship and relationships. As mentioned before synchronous communication is viewed negatively but there is also a positive side. Communicating in chat rooms can lead into friendships or romance, helpful for the individuals who are shy, troubled or disabled. I was lonely and did not have any friends when I moved from home to attend the university. I would go to the library and see students communicate with other individuals through the computer. I was curious to see how one could interact a conversation with others through the chat rooms. I entered through one of the popular web providers- www.

Looking At The Advanced Technology Of Construction Construction Essay

The demand on application of advanced engineering in building industry necessitates uninterrupted employment of new engineering work force and geting of latest machinery. A building house would necessitate a immense investing in order to last in acquiring new occupations. Therefore, really frequently, a building undertaking is managed by a general contractor, which sublet the plants out to different subcontractors so that the general contractor can salvage on building cost to vie in monetary value [ 1 ] Subcontractors are specialist in the executing of a specific occupation, they act as a agents of the production system of the contractor company in providing stuffs, work force, equipment, tools or designs [ 2 ] . Chiang [ 1 ] concludes that farm outing is indispensable to salvage building cost of general contractors to vie on monetary value. Teixeira & A ; Couto [ 3 ] besides agreed that increasing of specialization thorugh subcontracting can help in achieving the undertaking objectives. When the range of work and logical dependences between subcontractor plants are non to the full understand by general contractor and proprietors, it became a critical job to the success of complex and fast-paced undertakings. Cost judicial proceeding and disgruntled clients due to the struggle between general contractor, subcontractors and other undertaking participants would so followed [ 4 ]SubcontractorSubcontractor is a common term used in building. Due to the singularity of each building undertaking, the work force is transeunt, multiple trade are involved, each undertakings are planned and worked in short clip frames, and assortment of stuffs and equipments required, one individual building undertaking is frequently sublet to many subcontractors [ 2 ] , [ 5-12 ] . Subcontractors can lend more than 50 % [ 13 ] , and can be every bit much as 90 % of entire undertaking value to a building procedure [ 5 ] . A building undertaking is awarded to a general contractor or premier contractor or chief contractor or chief contractor, which resorts their work out to specialise outside house to transport out specific undertaking activities. General contractors are responsible for pull offing the undertaking such as contract disposal with clients, undertaking funding, stuff and equipment procuring, and supervising the undertaking advancement [ 14 ] . Harmonizing to Albino & A ; Garavelli [ 13 ] , the general contractor ‘s perfomance are strongly dependent on subcontractors. This statement is reinforced by Mbachu [ 15 ] which stated that the ability of the general contractor and adviser to present the undertaking within clip, quality and cost depends mostly on public presentation of subcontractors. A subcontractor is a building house that contracts with a general contractor to execute some facet of the general contractor ‘s work. In most building undertakings, a critical function is played by subcontractors who are hired to execute specific undertakings on a undertaking. In the usual instance, the general contractor will execute the basic operations and farm out the balance to assorted forte contractors. Subcontracting is used much more extensively on lodging and edifice building undertakings than on technology and industrial undertakings [ 16 ] .Types of SubcontractorsAttempts have been meade to distinguish subcontractors. In Hong Kong, Ng et Al. [ 6 ] classified subcontractors to ( i ) equipment-intensive subcontractors ( who are hired due to their specialized works and equipments ) , and ( two ) labour-intensive subcontractors ( those who are hired as a consequence of their specialized labour resources. Costantino et Al. [ 17 ] revealed that labour-only subcontractor beneficial the subcontractor by cut downing the cost of mobilisation and buying stuff. Furthermore, it besides offers economic advantages to the general contractor by avoiding the mark-up of full subcontracting. Quality jobs and claims may still happen in acquiring the supply of stuff for application of this labour-only subcontractor. Therefore, some general contractors prefer full subcontracting to switch hazard and liability. Partnering relationship between general contractor and subcontractors were proposed to make a win-win state of affairs [ 5 ] , [ 18 ] . Harmonizing to Lee et Al. [ 18 ] , this long-run relationship must be established to avoid adversarial relationship between general contractor and subcontractor. Several types of relationships between general contractor and subcontractor are discussed, competitory relationships and strategic relationships were among them. Comparison theoretical account based on dealing cost for both general contractor and subcontractor are developed severally for each relationship.Multilayer SubcontractingFurther subcontracting by subcontractor, or called multilayer subcontracting/latent subcontractor, let the subcontractor to be less vulnerable to fluctuation in concern, have more flexibleness in work force coordination, and be able to cut down cost of direction [ 7 ] . In Turkish, pattern of farm outing work by subcontractors to secondary subcontractor is widespread [ 19 ] . A survey on 35 general contractors and 56 subcontractor organisations revealed that most of them are willing to sublease their work under overload of work or clip force per unit area. When â€Å" latent † subcontractor happened, the extent of subcontracting is even larger. â€Å" Latent † subcontracting, or multilayer subcontracting is the farther farm outing down the watercourse by subcontractors with or without the cognition or consent of the general contractor or client. This has been alleged to be one of the major causes of hapless building quality and building site safety in Hong Kong [ 1 ] , [ 7 ] . Ekstrom et Al. [ 20 ] argues that payment to the 2nd grade subcontractor/suppliers can be portion of the public presentation measuring when measuring subcontractor.Problems of SubcontractingAbility to pass on and organize the work of subcontractors has been identified as one of the chief conceptual determiners of building undertaking direction competency in China [ 21 ] . Subcontractor failure has been listed as one of the hazard allocated to general contractor in building contracts [ 22 ] . This is supported by El-Sayegh [ 23 ] which stated that subcontracting is hazardous and can take to low quality, delayed completion and insecure pattern. Another hazard created by subcontractor is the possibility of them to transgress contract and difference with the general contractor. Hence, subcontracting has been listed as one of the important factors doing hold United Arab Emirates [ 24 ] , [ 25 ] and Malaysia [ 26 ] , [ 27 ] .PERTINENT STUDIES ON SUBCONTRACTORFocus of research workers goes to either finding the components of farm outing or developing new approaches/techniques to choose and/or manage subcontractors. Subcontractor has become an issue on its ain, separated from selection/management of general contractor by client/consultants due to its complexness. Numerous subcontractor choice and monitoring theoretical account has been proposed [ 4 ] , [ 13 ] , [ 28-30 ] .Choice of SubcontractorMany choice methods of subcontractors has been proposed in the literature. Arslan et Al. [ 28 ] developed a web-based subcontractor rating system ( WEBSES ) to ease the choice of subcontractors. The standards for measuring was identified by calculators of building house in USA based on a database of about 4000 subcontractor houses. Ng & A ; Luu [ 31 ] developed a theoretical account for subcontractor enrollment determination through case-based logical thinking attack. 12 experts were interviewed to supply indispensable stairss needed for distinguishing good and bad subcontractors. The theoretical account developed use each properties ‘ calculated evaluations for designation of fiting instances and similarity mark of each single instances. The historical information of subcontrators can be retrieved and utilize for the current rating. Weighting of all atributes can be easy modified harmonizing to the users penchant, therefore the effectivity of this theoretical account is still really much depends on the experience and cognition of users. Manoharan [ 32 ] proposed a subcontractor choice method utilizing Analytic Hierarchy Process ( AHP ) based on 29 questionnaires collected from contractors involved in building undertakings located at Putrajaya, Malaysia. It is an Adept System to help the chief contractors in doing their determination by utilizing pairwise comparing. The determination shaper will necessitate to do their ain opinion on the comparative importance of each component with regard to the elements at a higher degree. Argument might happen when the opinion of different determination shapers are diverse. As an attempt to cut down the incidents of hold, and other possible jobs that might be originated from the jobs of choosing the incorrect sub-contractor, this survey aims to spread out the sample of survey as suggested by Manoharan [ 32 ] in the attempt of create an more dependable and applicable sub-contractor choice theoretical account.Management of SubcontractorChoosing the right subcontractor does non vouch the success of a building undertaking. Coordination and monitoring of subcontracted work during the building phase is indispensable. Ko et Al. [ 33 ] developed a Sub-contractors Performance Evaluation Model ( SPEM ) by using Evolutionary Fuzzy Neural Inference Model ( EFNIM ) . Subcontractors were evaluated by field overseers harmonizing to the types of subcontract. Different rating factors were adopted for different subcontract to accomplish just rating. Albino & A ; Garavelli [ 13 ] proposed a evaluation system for direction of subcontractor by utilizing nervous web. An application instance related to the rating of possible subcontractors viing for a command has been used to demo the practical execution of this nervous web. In accessing the rival subcontractors, the determination shaper have to see five chief parametric quantities, viz. monetary value decrease, clip decrease, technical/qualitative feature of the command, contractual dependability of the rival, and direction accomplishments of the rival. The web will suggest a suited subcontractor based on old determinations made by the expert. Therefore, illustrations of old determinations need the expert to be inserted into this nervous web. Dainty et Al. [ 34 ] focused on supply concatenation ‘s direction from the position of subcontractor. The function of subcontractors in UK building industry is explored and followed by proposal of a model for turn toing current barriers to provide concatenation integrating.DecisionSubcontractor has become a great topic to all the practicians in building industry due to the common pattern of subleasing building works into smaller bundles in building industry. Effective subcontractor choice and monitoring which can minimise the job would find the success of building companies. Problems of subcontractors, if ignored, can do an huge impact to the building undertaking, and can widen into the operation of the general contractor ‘s administration. Therefore, attending shall be given to the issues of subcontractor, which is the chief participant in about all the building undertakings.

Corporate Governance And Firms Performance Finance Essay - Free Essay Example

Sample details Pages: 12 Words: 3537 Downloads: 2 Date added: 2017/06/26 Category Finance Essay Type Narrative essay Did you like this example? Corporate governance is a recent concept that encompasses many issues like internal control, rights and relation with stakeholders, social responsibility of the business, structure and role of the management committee, management transparency (refers to the disclosure of all reliable and relevant information) and accountability (refers to broader corporate objectives to manage the socio-economic resources efficiency) and the like. It also entails planning and strategic development of the company, day-to-day operation, and knowledge of the market and the sound understanding of the business itself. Precisely speaking, corporate governance is all about corporate practices to meet the corporate objectives. Don’t waste time! Our writers will create an original "Corporate Governance And Firms Performance Finance Essay" essay for you Create order According to Byrnes et al. (2003), after the high profile scandals of Enron, WorldCom etc. corporate governance is imputed in the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002. This paper will try to find out the impact of corporate governance on firm performance. This paper will also try to show that better use of corporate governance help the firm to perform in an optimum level and if it is right better governed firm will have better performance than worse governed firm. Jensen and Meckling (1976); Fama and Jensen (1983); Shleifer and Vishny (1997) cited that, incentive has been given to the managers to confiscate the assets of the firm by taking profitable projects but this is much beneficiary to the managers than maximizing shareholders wealth. According to Shleifer and Vishny (1997), effective corporate governance control the awards given by the stakeholders and creditors and increase the profitability of the firm by investing in a positive net present value projects. Brown and Caylor (2004) argued that, regulators and governance advocates argue that in most of the cases stock price goes down because of poor governance and if this is right the market price of the well governed firm should be relatively high than poor governed firms. On the other hand by considering cash flow hypothesis Jensen (1986), says that shareholders expects cash flow via dividend payout but large free cash flow through dividend decrease the liquidity condition of the firm a nd this disables the firm to invest in the profitable projects and lower the profitability. Arnott and Asness (2003) finds that, better governed firm give more cash in dividend payout which also can be considered as firm performance. Moreover Bowen, Rajgopal, Venkatachalam (2008) found that, corporate governance also can be found from the accounting discretion, firm with weaker governance structure generally produce report with poorer future performance. According to Gompers, Ishii, and Metrick (2003), studying the impact of corporate governance on firm performance finds that, strong shareholders rights and returns of the firm outperform on risk-adjusted basis. This result indicates that corporate governance also can be measured or constructed from publicly available data. According to Klein, Shapiro and Young (2005), there are not any clear evidence that can suggest that better corporate governance will enhance the firms performance. One alternative way to measure firm performance is measuring the performance of companies with shareholders rights. Core, Guay and Rusticus (2004) said that, in current decade share returns of companies are strongly related with shareholders right companies with poor shareholders rights do not over perform in their performance. The companies which maintain strong shareholders right may not exhibited superior return on their performance. On the other hand, if the firms risk adjustment not done properly, corporate governance may correlate with unrecognizable risk factor(s). One other thing is that the relation between corporate governance and firm performance might be increase distrust about causality explanation. In most countries the common mechanism for determining collective action problems among shareholders partial ownership and control is given to the hand of large shareholders. In this situation two important forms of corporate governance need to be considered by the firm. First, there may be conflict among the shareholders with management against small investors; and secondly, the liquidity from secondary market will decrease. To boost the liquidity crisis of the stock market corporate law is enforced and which limits the power of the large shareholders of the company and also limit the violence of the minority shareholders. In this system generally the firms depends on the board of directors to maintaining and functioning the actions of the shareholders. Sometimes the actions of the board of directors become ineffective. Where the minority shareholders get better protection the interest of the mangers also become an issue of prudence. Finally, the primary goal of the corporate govern ance is to control the regulation of activity the shareholders and managers and made a check and balance to protect the interest of both shareholders and mangers. This paper will try to find out how corporate governance can help the firm to accelerate their performance. For doing so there lies a need for developing a measure to scale corporate governance practice of the firm and to allocate a governance score for each firm then calculation of the financial and economic performance by using governance score will become possible. This paper will also conduct a cross sectional analysis to relate firms performance with their corporate governance practices. Keywords Corporate Governance, Firm performance, Corporate Governance and Firm Performance. Problem of the study This paper will develop to find out the following problems: How corporate governance impact on firms performance? Why firms performance is influenced by corporate governance? When corporate governance influence firms performance? Aims The aim of this paper is to find the influence of corporate governance over firms performance. Objective of the study This research will be conduct to fulfill the following objectives To measure the industry wise corporate governance practices. To find the impact of corporate governance with the firm performance. To measure the degree of performance influenced by corporate governance. To find out the major indicators of corporate governance. To find out the best practices of corporate governance. Literature Review The concept corporate governance actually gives an insight regarding the code of conduct of the companys business. Corporate Governance is the process by which companies are governed and held accountable to their owners. Corporate Governance is the whole system of managing and controlling a company. Many view corporate governance in the light of the long-run value creation of shareholders. Corporate Governance is the enhancement of the long-term shareholder value while at the same time protecting the interest of other shareholders. From this view, corporate governance focuses on structure and rules of the board of directors; the independent audit committee and control management. So, corporate governance is a pervasive concept, which basically tells about the corporate practices. This is such a concept encompassing the relations and rights of shareholders with the board and other stakeholders; effective risk management; management transparency and accountability to the stakeholders g roup and overall corporate practices that aims at meeting the corporate goals. OECD set few principles of corporate governance, which have been adopted by the member countries of the OCED. These principles are available in the web site: www.oecd.org. In summary, they include the following elements: The rights of shareholders: These include a set of rights including secure ownership of their shares, the rights to full disclosure of information, voting rights, participation in decisions on sale or modification of corporate assets including mergers and new share issues. The Equitable Treatment of Shareholders: Here the OCED is concerned with protecting minority shareholders rights by setting up systems that keep insiders, including managers and directors, from taking advantage of their roles. The Role of Stakeholders in Corporate Governance: the OCED recognizes that there are other stakeholders in companies in addition to stakeholders. Banks, bondholders and workers for example are important stakeholders in the way in which companies perform and make decisions. Disclosure and Transparency: The OCED also lays out a number of provisions for the disclosure and communication and key facts about the company ranging from financial details to governance structures including the board of directors and their remuneration. The Responsibilities to the Board: The guidelines provide a great deal of detail about the functions of the board in protecting the company, its shareholders, and its stakeholders. These include concerns about corporate strategy, risk, executive compensation and performance, as well as accounting and reporting systems. John, K. et.al. (1998) conducted a study to relate Corporate Governance with managerial risk-taking. The study showed how the investor protection environment affects corporate managers incentives to take value-enhancing risks. It suggested that the manager chooses higher perk consumption when investor protection is low and vice versa. Lower investor protection is associated with conservative investment policy and least firm growth. Finally the authors suggested that the corporate risk-taking and firm growth rates are positively related to the quality of investor protection (whether the investment generated by the firm is used is a safe and secured way). This situation indicates that a risk-taking firms growth rate is higher than the less risk-taking firm so find out the concerns towards the investors it is necessary to calculate that whether the firm is taking much risk for increasing its growth, which may arise adverse situation for the investor by decreasing the protection of the i nvestment. According to John and Senbet (1998), a common belief is that boards of directors are become more independent as the number of outsider director increases. Though, Fosberg (1989), found no relation of firm performance with the outsider directors, he rather emphasis on other variables like SGA expenses, sales, return on equity and number of employees. Hermalin and Wrisbach (1991) also dont find any association between the number of independent directors and firm performance. In 2002 Bhagat and Black became unable to find any relationship between the numbers of outsider directors. But in contrast Baysinger and Butler (1985) and Rosenstein and Wyatt (1990) find rewards for the firm for appointing outsider directors. Anderson, Mansi and Reeb (2004) showed that, the cost of debt is inversely related with the independence of the board of directors. According to Brickley, Coles and Terry (1994), there are a positive linkage between the number of outsider directors and stock market response. Bhagat and Bolton (2007) argued that, better governance can be measured by GIM and BCF indices, stock owned by the board of directors, performance of CEO etc. Lipton and Lorsch (1992); Jensen (1993) argued in their evidence that, it is believed by some people that limiting the board size of the firm will have impact in the performance of the firm because increase number of the board members will increase the monitoring, communication and decision making ability. On the other hand Yermack (1996) found an inverse relationship between board size and profitability, asset utilization and Tobins Q. Board of director plays a vital role in the firm performance. As they divide their duties and responsibilities so increase in the number of directors make the responsibilities and duties more narrowed, so if the number of director increases the firms performance should be increased. On other side if the firm appoint experienced CEO or director in the firm it have a positive impact on the stock price of the firm which reflects the practice of good corporate governance has a positive impact on firms performance. According to Bhagat and Bolton (2008), Corporate governance has the authority to make any modification or change in any important decisions including investment policy, management compensation policy, boards decision etc. so it becomes easier for the firm to monitor and implement their activities efficiently by practicing good corporate governance this will help the firm to increase its overall performance. A negative relationship has been found by Klein (2002), between audit committee independence and earnings management. Whereas Anderson et al. (2004) documented that firm with self-governing audit committee has low debt financing costs. Frankel, Johnson and Johnson (2002) show an inverse relationship with the firm earnings management and the independence of the audit committee. On the other hand, Ashbaugh, Lafond and Mayhew (2003) and Larcker and Richardson (2004) show disagreement about the inverse relationship between firm earnings management and independence of the auditor in th eir evidence. Bhagat and Bolton (2008) provided some evidence to associate the relationship between audits related governance factors and firm performance: Audit committee those are solely independent are positively related with dividend yield but not related with firms operating performance or valuation; Annual meetings held by the firm are not related with the performance; Consulting fees and audit fees paid to the auditors are negatively related with the firms performance measurement; Company policy for rotating auditors are positively related with the return on equity but not related with any other performance factors. As audit committee plays an important role for establishing and implementing firms investment policy, compensation policy and other management decision the role of audit committee influence the firms performance. The performance of audit committee can vary due to various factors such as audit fees, independence of the committee etc. as Bhagat and Bolton (2008) finds several audit related governance factors but this area needs further research to find out the exact situation. Gompers, Ishii, and Metrick (2003) introduced a corporate governance measure which is equal weighted index of 24 corporate governance factors, these factors are gathered by the Investor Responsibility Research Center (IRRC), those are, classified boards, golden parachutes, poison pills, cumulative voting supermajority rules for selecting and approving managers. Whereas, Brown and Caylor (2004) created their corporate governance index through the use of Institutional Shareholder Service (ISS) data. Hermalin and Weisbach (1998, 2003); Bhagat, Carey and Elson (1999); Brickley, Coles and Jarrell (1997) states that, board independence, stock ownership of board members and whether CEO and Chairman are individual person etc. are considered as a importance characteristics of corporate governance. Brown and Caylor (2004) identified 52 factors for considering corporate governance practice of the firms where Gompers, Ishii, and Metrick (2003) considers 24 factors for measuring corporate charter position and board characteristics. According to Bhagat and Bolton (2008) management compensation features, board characteristics, and corporate charter position creates the personality of firms corporate governance while creating the corporate governance index these factors need to be weighted otherwise it will become unable to give optimum result. If the weight are not equally weighted the relationship between the corporate governance and firm performance will give an unrealistic result with incorrect inferences between the relation of corporate governance and firm performance. While selecting the factors for creating the governance score it must be consider that the factors need to be available for all kinds of firms from different industry, otherwise the result may become bias. On the other hand if the researcher did not find weighted average the outcome of the study becomes questionable so for making the evidence more reliable it is necessary to find out the weighted average o f the governance score. Some variables of measuring corporate governance can be motivated by incentive-based economic models of managerial behavior. This model can fall into two categories. First one is agency model, in this model the interest of managers are take into action as a result it becomes costly for the shareholders. In this model shareholders become unable to observe the behavior of the managers directly, but sometimes ownership are given to the managers to reduce this type of action and use the resources for the best interest of the shareholders. This problem is cited by Grossman and Hart in 1983. Another model is adverse situation model; this model is motivated by the hypothesis of differential ability which also cannot be observed by the firms shareholders. In this model the power of managers is control to reduce the use of cash flow for the private benefit or managers personal information cannot be used to control the firms cash flow. This model is provided by Mayerson (1987). From the above situation it is clear that sometimes corporate governance is controlled by the relationship between managers and shareholders and in this case managers behaviors and ability are directly associated with the firms performance. Berle and Means (1932), find the impact of the cost of the shareholders ownership, they found a positive relationship with ownership structure and firm performance. However, Demsetz (1983) argued that, if we scrutinize the success factors of the public companies with diffused share ownership we will see clear offsetting benefits of the shareholders. Other factors that may impact of the firm performance are performance based compensation and insider information which should be determined through ownership. For example, if the performance of the firm increase the value of the stock and the managers owned some ownership, it will increase the value of their ownership this incentive will help the firm to preserve the interest of both shareholders and managers by boosting the performance of the firm. Hypothesis This research will focus on following hypothesis: H1: Company with good Corporate Governance has a better operating performance. H2: Company with poor Corporate Governance has a poor operating performance. Methodology of the study Research method To fulfill the objectives of this paper and find out the relationship of corporate governance with firm performance both qualitative and quantitative method of research will be used. The main objective of this paper is to find out the relationship between corporate governance and firm performance and to find out the degree of influence of corporate governance on the firm performance to find out this evidences researcher need to go through an exploratory research. Some case studies also will be analyzed and discussed to find out the actual position and this will make this research more realistic. This paper will try to develop a governance measure (governance score) to find out the degree of corporate governance practiced and also identify some factors to measure the performance of the firm and score them with a relevant range. Governance score will be composite measure of about 50 factors which will encircling on several corporate governance categories like audit committee, board of directors, executive and directors compensation, compensation policy for the managers, industry, progressive practices, directors education, charter/ bylaws etc. Then researcher will do a cross sectional analysis between governance score and firm performance score. For measuring operating performance Tobins Q, GIM, return on equity, profit margin, sales growth, and other financial measurements will be used. Data collection This paper will create a summary metric of the governance score to measure the strength of the firms governance. Researcher will collect data related with corporate governance and firm performance from the annual report and publicly available information sources mostly researcher will depend on the secondary sources for preparing this report; though researcher will try to collect data from the reliable sources like stock exchange, annual report, magazine etc. This paper will take a large number of individual firms as my sample for this studies thus it will reflect real phenomena. This paper will take data for measuring firm performance for the 2009 fiscal year end. Sampling The population for this report will be listed companies in the London stock exchange. The researcher will take at least fifty companies as sample from five different industries they are automobiles and parts, banks, beverages, food producers, and electronic and electrical equipment. The companies will be chosen randomly. Scope of the study This paper will try to find out how good corporate governance practices impact on the firm performance. This paper will contribute on the literature on the following way: first, the role of the board of the directors plays on the performance of the firm. For example: the numbers of independent directors or dependent director can play a role in the governance and also contribute on the performance of the firm. This may varied from industry to industry so researcher will took a descriptive analysis on the following matter, for collecting the evidence on the following matter GIM, and Tobins Q will play a great role. This paper will also find out the variables that may impact on the performance related with this topic. Secondly, researcher will try to find out the better incentive policy given to the manager stock option or cash dividend which will be more effective to protect the right of the stockholder as well as boosting the performance of the firm. The performance of the firm can be measured in various ways this paper will focus on the financial performance and the right of the stockholder in measuring the performance of the firm. Thirdly, this paper will come with the functioning of the audit committee; audit committee plays a vital role on the both in the corporate governance practices of the firma and the firm performance. Compensation given to the internal and external audit committee also has impact on the firm performance do find out these impacts an explanatory research will be conducted. Finally, researcher will come with the degree of corporate governance practices with the firm performance. This paper will find out extent of the impact of the corporate governance with the firm performance. Concluding remarks Corporate governance plays a vital role to balance between the economic and social goals and between individual and communal goals. The governance framework is very much important to boosting up the performance of the firm and to protect the interest of the stockholders. Because it ensures the efficient use of resources, make the management accountable and ensures the best benefit of all the parties. As a result corporate governance has impact on the overall performance of the firm because it control most of the performance factors and the good practices of corporate governance will allow the firm to protect the interest of the stockholders. Time table: Task Start Date Duration in Days End Date Analyze objectives 10/01/2011 8 17/01/2011 Introduction 18/01/2011 14 31/01/2011 Literature Review 01/02/2011 28 28/02/2011 Methodology 01/03/2011 15 15/03/2011 Data source 16/03/2011 14 30/03/2011 Data collection 31/03/2011 08 07/04/2011 Evaluation 08/04/2011 07 14/04/2011 Edit 15/04/2011 05 19/04/2011 Final documents 20/04/2011 05 24/04/2011 Binding 25/04/2011 03 27/04/2011